The data describes selected defeat device cases under Title II of the United States Clean Air Act as of January 2017, ranked by the civil penalty amount that was to be paid. In light of the Volkswagen diesel scandal, at least 584,000 diesel vehicles violated the Clean Air Act. In 2017, the company agreed to pay a 1.45 billion USD fine to settle claims filed on behalf of the EPA. This payment does not include costs from buyback of vehicles, mitigation costs or criminal charges, including at least the following payments: 1.
